To Kill a Mockingbird Essay Example for Free

To Kill a Mockingbird Essay In a small town deep south in Alabama, two children reside in a house with their father Atticus. Maycomb was this town’s name, and within Maycomb lived the nastiest, most psychotic, recluse to have ever live, and it just so happens that this monster of a man is the neighbor of the two young children, at least this is how â€Å"Boo† Radley is perceived to be in To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee. â€Å"Jem† Jeremy Atticus Finch and â€Å"Scout† Jean Louise Finch, the two children, one four years younger than the other, the youngest being Scout, find themselves bound by curiosity to rip â€Å"Boo† Arthur Radley from his protective house. This is when the relationship of Boo Radley and the Finch children begin, but the relationship between Boo and the children change through the course of the novel. At first, the children both believe that Boo is a terrible monster and a prisoner within his own home. They, along with the entire town of Maycomb, believe he is a psychotic anger-filled maniac. The town even came up with rumors about him saying he stabbed his own father with scissors. The obsession with â€Å"Boo† begins when a young boy named Dill moves in with his Aunt who lives by Jem and Scout. Dill meets Jem and Scout resulting in Dill’s curiosity of meeting Boo Radley. That summer began the race to finally see Boo. At this time in the book the children describe Boo as a rodent-eating, drooling, ugly, tall, monster, hence the name â€Å"Boo†. They believed that everything about Boo and his house is haunted and would kill you. The children come up with different schemes to get Boo out of the house, but they all seem to fail. They continue to think of Boo this way until Boo starts to actually interact with the children. The transition of how Jem and Scout view Boo seems to happens quite rapidly, but actually takes a while for the children to realize Boo’s true personality. As Boo begins to leave gifts in the hole of a tree near the Radley house for them the children, starting with Jem, begin to think differently. He leaves gum, pennies, an old pocket watch, and more things he has to the children. It is then figured out that Boo is the one who put a blanket around Scout during the fire that occurred at Miss Maudies house. Th night was cold and that caring act seemed to give Boo a different sense of who he is to the children. The children are beginning to realize that maybe Boo isnt so bad. During Tom Robinson’s trial, an African-American man who is convicted of rape, it is said by Jem,â€Å"Scout, I think Im beginning to understand why Boo Radleys stayed shut up in the house all this time its because he wants to stay inside. Seeing the prejudice and racism that Tom suffered in his case makes the kids understand why Boo may have wanted to decide to stay in his house all these years. The kids come to see Boo as a real person when he saves them from Bob Ewell, the man who attempts to kill the children in revenge, and not the monster he was first portrayed as. Scout then treats him as she would any neighbor would. As Atticus said, â€Å"You never really know a man until you stand in his shoes and walk around in them†. She now understands that Boo had been watching her and Jem the whole time, and that he was a true neighbor and was watching over them when they needed him. He was just a shy man who was very caring towards the children. Though she never sees Boo again after that night, Scout still thinks of him, as we can tell by her older selfs voice in this story. In this, the children’s maturity has definitely developed and it is evident in their relationship. By the end of the novel, they meet Boo and he is almost childlike in his mind due to lack of human contact over the past years, this may makes him almost closer to the children as he has a similar mental capacity. When they meet and Boo is about to leave to go back home he asks Scout if she could walk him home. This just goes to show how innocent and childlike Boo is. That he wants someone to walk him home as if he was scared to do so alone. Boo Radley and the children’s relationship had evolved from the beginning of the book to the end very dramatically from Boo being a monster to now his being a neighbor and a friend.

A Study of Perspectives Essay -- Paris Burning Film Movies Essays

A Study of Perspectives Livingston's documentary Paris is Burning inspired an awareness of being that I had not previously experienced. The film urges the spectator to reevaluate not only one's breadth of knowledge of the black gay culture in the 80's, but also the perspectives from which one views the film. Personally speaking, the easiest evaluation of the latter topic would be the perspective of a privileged white straight female born into a sheltered and socially traditional household. This background would thus color my reaction to the film: one of intense sadness for the featured interviewees who yearned for an existence which was mostly unobtainable except in the case of extreme sacrifice and typically led to social ostracizing and ridicule (even in some cases, death) – yet this existence they yearned to emulate was something I had been born into without struggle nor appreciation, it was simply my life. But one could say my perspective of pity and guilt was actually somewhat of a perversion of the deeper meaning of the film. My feelings were not enlightened but the opposite – I was subjugating the people's identities in the film by not recognizing their independent validity, and only reacting to their performance of emulation with condescending sympathy. My depression over the film resulted not from what Bell Hooks's depression stemmed as she explains her views on the film: " [It is] a documentary affirming that colonized, victimized, exploited black folks are all to willing to be complicit in perpetuating the fantasy that ruling-class white culture is the quintessential site of unrestricted joy, freedom, power, and pleasure." (Hooks, Is Paris Burning? pg. 149) I was only saddened by the fact that the performers in... ...int their faces brown and wear prosthetic breasts and butts would reference historical oppression, but that this historical oppression still effected people of today and was not simply a story of past times, but a continuing struggle. Like the deeply rooted racism and classism of Paris is Burning, a film seemingly celebrating the culture and people it serves to eventually dehumanize, the actions of Bert and Ernie stood for much more than two Haverford students lacking perspective and foresight. Bert and Ernie's actions stand for a more deeply rooted problem of young people today forgetting that we are still struggling for equality and respect within our society and that no one is immune from this necessity for empathy and understanding. Works Cited: Hook, Bell (1992). Is Paris Burning? , Black Looks. (pp. 145-156). The Muppets Abstract. Oct. 5th, 2004.

Analysis †I have written my article about cloning Essay

I have written my article about cloning. The opinions I have used in it are a highly exaggerated depiction of extremist views. I have shown, how ridiculous and outrageous these views are by overstressing every point and going to immense extremities, such as the â€Å"master race† and the â€Å"worker race†, these are so severe that the worker race would even be kept underground. I used pictures in my writing to make it easier for people to visualize the images that I am talking about because then they will be able to understand my ideas better. I have inserted a picture of Britney Spears, as she is a well-known, famous star, that many people like, or would like to be. The reason that I have included this particular image is because many people long to live like these stars and by using the image I am implying that if we introduce cloning and the so- called â€Å"master race† then everyone will be able to live like this. Many people believe that she is a â€Å"perfect† human being and this is the idea that I am trying to convey with the â€Å"master race†, that after using the system for a couple of decades, what will be left will be a, supposedly, perfect human race, which for many people the picture used illustrates perfectly. If I had room for more pictures on the page I would have used a picture of another stereotypical â€Å"perfect† male star to appeal to both sexes, but I wanted the article to look professional so I tried to keep the number of pictures too minimum. The picture will also encourage people to read the article because if they have turned over the page and they then see the picture of Britney. If they are an admirer, then they will most probably turn back to the start of the article to read it the whole way through. The reason that the picture has been repeated three times is because it shows what could be achieved by cloning, not just one, allegedly, flawless human being but as many as wanted, a whole race of them even. The repetition shows the main process of cloning as well, making an identical copy of something/ someone. I also use pictures of Morlocks from the film of the book â€Å"The Time Machine† by H. G Wells. The book and the films are set far into the future, this is also a little indication of the fact that this is could really happen in the future. These creatures were humans but as time has passed they started to live underground as they were using all of the earth’s resources, that is the main reason that I am using this picture to show what the, as I have called them in my article, â€Å"worker race†, would be like as my extreme plan is to have them working day and night, underground to provide the â€Å"master race† with everything they need. The reason that I have used such a ghastly picture is because I want it shock the reader, it will also draw attention to the article. The workers won’t be good-looking, as they will never of had sunlight on their skin and never of had any of the beauty products and treatments we take for granted so the picture is an accurate representation of what they would actually look like. The contrast between the purportedly â€Å"picture perfect† Britney and the hideous, unsightly Morlock should make people start to think that they would much rather be with the â€Å"master race† rather than the â€Å"workers†. There is also the idea that this is what the human race has become as it has evolved and that cloning could save us from this atrocious fate and instead bring us to the attractive future that the â€Å"master race† offers. Two of the pictures are in black and white, these are the pictures of the â€Å"worker race†, these are in black and white to give a feel of darkness to the pictures and to imply that this is the sort of life they would have, never seeing any colour, whereas the picture of the master race is brightly coloured and shows an image that people feel drawn to look at unlike the pictures of the Morlocks and the ants. This means that the contrast is even more noticeable between the two sets of pictures. I have used the layout of having the pictures cutting into the writing, so that you can’t help looking at the pictures while you are reading, helping the readers to picture the ideas I am putting into their heads, I have also put captions underneath the pictures to show what the pictures are of and how they relate to the topic of the article. The pictures are large and stand out from the page causing them to catch the reader’s eye whilst they are flicking through the paper, meaning that they read the article. I have used a strong title, â€Å"Hitler Was Right†, to fascinate the reader even before they have started reading the article. Including a strong political figure compels people to read the article as it looks like it could be an article of great importance. They will straight away wonder what the article could be about, causing suspense that will keep them reading until the very end of the article when they will realize that I was simply, apparently, agreeing with one very simple part of Hitler’s range of ideas, that the world would be a better place if just one master race was to occupy it. This title has been written in Times New Roman and is in font size 36, I have done this so that the title stands out from all of the other things on the page. People won’t be able to help noticing the title and this will generate interest in the article. The main body of the writing is in a quite large text; this is because I want it to stand out and not to be too small. The effect of this is that the article will not look as much of a difficult task to read, encouraging more people to read it. The prologue to the article is written in bold writing slightly bigger than in the main body of the text, this is so that this will stand out just a little bit more and people will read it before they read the main article. The writing in this prologue is encouraging people to read the main article. By ending it with a question † the question is: why not? † It makes people read on, as they want to find out the answer to this question, Straight away, in this first prologue I have shown â€Å"my† opinion, that I agree with cloning and all of the brilliant ideas that come along with it, this means that people will be under no disillusion while they are reading the article.

Midden An Archaeological Garbage Dump

A midden (or kitchen midden) is the archaeological term for trash or garbage heap. Middens are a type of archaeological feature, consisting of localized patches of dark-colored earth and concentrated artifacts which resulted from the deliberate discard of refuse, food remains, and domestic materials such as broken and exhausted tools and crockery. Middens are found everywhere humans live or have lived, and archaeologists love them. The name kitchen midden comes from the Danish word kà ¸kkenmà ¸dding (kitchen mound), which originally referred specifically to coastal Mesolithic shell mounds in Denmark. Shell middens, primarily made up of the shells of mollusks, were one of the first types of non-architectural features investigated in pioneering 19th-century archaeology. The name midden stuck for these hugely informative deposits, and it is now used globally to refer to all kinds of trash heaps. How a Midden Forms Middens had multiple purposes in the past and still do. At their most basic, middens are places where rubbish is placed, out of the way of normal traffic, out of the way of normal sight and smell. But they are also storage facilities for recyclable objects; they can be used for human burials; they can be used for building material; they can be used to feed animals, and they can be the focus of ritual behaviors. Some organic middens act as compost heaps, that improve the soil of an area. A study of Chesapeake Bay shell middens on the Atlantic coast of the United States by Susan Cook-Patton and colleagues found the presence of middens significantly enhanced local soil nutrients, especially nitrogen, calcium, potassium, and manganese, and to have increased soil alkalinity. These positive improvements have lasted for at least 3,000 years. Middens can be created at the household level, shared within a neighborhood or community, or even associated with a specific event, such as a feast. Middens have different shapes and sizes. The size reflects how long a particular midden was used, and what percentage of material stored in it is organic and decays, as opposed to non-organic material which does not. In historic farmsteads midden deposits are found in thin layers called sheet middens, the result of the farmer throwing out scraps for the chickens or other farm animals to pick over. But they can also be enormous. Modern middens are known as landfills, and in many places today, there are groups of scavengers who mine the landfills for recyclable goods (see Martinez 2010). Whats to Love about a Midden Archaeologists love middens because they contain the broken remains from all kinds of cultural behaviors. Middens hold food remains—including pollen and phytoliths as well as the food themselves—and pottery or pans that contained them. They include exhausted stone and metal tools; organic matter including charcoal suitable for radiocarbon dating; and sometimes burials and evidence of ritual behaviors. Ethnoarchaeologist Ian McNiven (2013) found that Torres Islanders had distinctly separate midden areas set aside from feasts, and used them as a reference point to tell stories about past parties they recalled. In some cases, midden environments allow for excellent preservation of organic materials such as wood, basketry, and plant food. A midden can allow the archaeologist to reconstruct past human behaviors, things such as relative status and wealth and subsistence behaviors. What a person throws away is a reflection of both what they eat and what they wont eat. Louisa Daggers and colleagues (2018) are only the latest in a long line of researchers that use middens to identify and study the effects of climate change. Types of Studies Middens sometimes are a source of indirect evidence for other forms of behavior. For example, archaeologists Todd Braje and Jon Erlandson (2007) compared abalone middens in the Channel Islands, comparing one for black abalone, collected by historic period Chinese fishermen, and one for red abalone collected 6,400 years ago by Archaic period Chumash fishermen. The comparison highlighted different purposes for the same behavior: The Chumash were specifically harvesting and processing a wide range of edible foods, focused on the abalone; while the Chinese were solely interested in the abalone. Another Channel Island study led by archaeologist Amira Ainis (2014) looked for evidence of the use of sea kelp. Seaweeds such as kelp were extremely useful to prehistoric people, used to make cordage, nets, mats, and basketry, as well as edible wrappings for steaming food—in fact, they are the basis of the Kelp Highway Hypothesis, thought to have been a major food source for the first colonists of the Americas. Unfortunately, kelp doesnt preserve well. These researchers found tiny gastropods in the midden that are known to live on kelp and used those to bolster their argument that the kelp was being harvested. Paleo-Eskimo in Greenland, Late Stone South Africa, Catalhoyuk A Paleo-Eskimo midden at the Qajaa site in western Greenland was preserved by permafrost. Studies of that midden by archaeologist Bo Elberling and colleagues (2011) revealed that in terms of thermal properties such as heat generation, oxygen consumption, and carbon monoxide production, the Qajaa kitchen midden produced four to seven times more heat than natural sediment in a peat bog. Many studies have been conducted on the Late Stone Age shell middens on the coast of South Africa, so-called megamiddens. Smauli Helama and Bryan Hood (2011) looked at mollusks and corals as if they were tree rings, using variations in the growth rings to yield the rates of midden accumulation. Archaeologist Antonieta Jerardino (2017, among others) has looked at micro paleoenvironments in the shell middens, to identify sea-level changes. At the Neolithic village of Çatalhà ¶yà ¼k in Turkey, Lisa-Marie Shillito and colleagues (2011, 2013) used microstratigraphy (the detailed examination of the layers in a midden) to identify fine layers interpreted as hearth rake and floor-sweeping; seasonal indicators such as seeds and fruits, and in situ burning events associated with pottery production. Significance of Middens Middens are enormously important to archaeologists, both as one of the earliest features that fired up their interest, and as a seemingly never-ending source of information about human diet, ranking, social organization, environment, and climate change. What we do with our trash, whether we hide it and try to forget about it, or use it to store recyclables or the bodies of our loved ones, it is still with us and still reflects our society. 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Latin American Antiquity 29.2 (2018): 279–92. Print.Elberling, Bo, et al. Paleo-Eskimo Kitchen Midden Preservation in Permafrost under Future Climate Conditions at Qajaa, West Greenland. Journal of Archaeological Science 38.6 (2011): 1331–39. Print.Gao, X., et al. Organic Geochemical Approaches to Identifying Formation Processes for Middens and Charcoal-Rich Features. Organic Geochemistry 94 (2016): 1–11. Print.Helama, Samuli, and Bryan C. Hood. Stone Age Midden Deposition Assessed by Bivalve Sclerochronology and Radiocarbon Wiggle-Matching of Arctica Islandica Shell Increments. Journal of Archaeological Science 38.2 (2011): 452–60. Print.Jerardino, Antonieta. Water-Worn Shell and Pebbles in Shell Middens as Proxies of Palaeoenvironmental Reconstruction, Shellfish Procurement and Their Transport: A Case Study from the West Coast of South Africa. Quaternary International 427 (2017): 103–14. Print.Koppel, Brent, et al. Isolating Downward Displacement : The Solutions and Challenges of Amino Acid Racemisation in Shell Midden Archaeology. Quaternary International 427 (2017): 21–30. Print.---. Untangling Time-Averaging in Shell Middens: Defining Temporal Units Using Amino Acid Racemisation. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 7 (2016): 741–50. Print.Latorre, Claudio, et al. Using Archaeological Shell Middens as a Proxy for Past Local Coastal Upwelling in Northern Chile. Quaternary International 427 (2017): 128–36. Print.Martinez, Candace A. Informal Waste-Pickers in Latin America: Sustainable and Equitable Solutions in the Dumps. Global Sustainability as a Business Imperative. Eds. Stoner, James A. F. and Charles Wankel. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2010. 199–217. Print.McNiven, Ian J. Ritualized Middening Practices. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 20.4 (2013): 552–87. Print.Shillito, Lisa-Marie, and Wendy Matthews. Geoarchaeological Investigations of Midden-Formation Process es in the Early to Late Ceramic Neolithic Levels at Çatalhà ¶yà ¼k, Turkey Ca. 8550–8370 Cal Bp. Geoarchaeology 28.1 (2013): 25–49. Print.Shillito, Lisa-Marie, et al. The Microstratigraphy of Middens: Capturing Daily Routine in Rubbish at Neolithic Çatalhà ¶yà ¼k, Turkey. Antiquity 85.329 (2011): 1027–38. Print.